2021年ACCA6月考季即將來臨,相信各位考生在備考過程中,經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到“名人理論”的相關(guān)知識(shí)點(diǎn),對(duì)此,為了加深大家的理解,下面會(huì)計(jì)網(wǎng)就跟各位詳細(xì)解析那些??嫉拿死碚?。
Henri Fayol
Five functions of management
Planning 計(jì)劃:在每進(jìn)行一個(gè)項(xiàng)目之前,管理層都需要對(duì)項(xiàng)目做一個(gè)詳細(xì)的計(jì)劃,以幫助以后項(xiàng)目的進(jìn)行。
Organising 組織、實(shí)施:要建立項(xiàng)目的架構(gòu),把項(xiàng)目的每個(gè)版塊分配給適合的人。
Commanding 指揮:對(duì)管理者進(jìn)行授權(quán),對(duì)員工發(fā)號(hào)施令,指揮員工完成任務(wù)。
Co-ordinationg 協(xié)調(diào):促使企業(yè)與員工目標(biāo)協(xié)調(diào)一致,減少?zèng)_突,促進(jìn)內(nèi)部和諧。
Controlling 控制:對(duì)項(xiàng)目的事項(xiàng)進(jìn)行控制,確保最終項(xiàng)目的結(jié)果與最初計(jì)劃的一致。
理論的局限性:屬于傳統(tǒng)的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)理論,沒有提到要激勵(lì)員工和與員工交流,忽視了人的作用,和員工的能動(dòng)性。
FW Taylor
Scientific theory
1)Development true science of work (establish the most efficient method)真正的工作是科學(xué)的流派,要制定科學(xué)的工作方法。
2)Scientific selection and progressive development of work (planning and doing are separated) 要科學(xué)的、循序漸進(jìn)地開發(fā)員工的能力,計(jì)劃和實(shí)際的工作要分開。
3)Application of techniques to plan,measure and control work(micro-designed job) 在計(jì)劃和控制的過程中,管理層一定要講究一定的技術(shù),工作設(shè)計(jì)的不要太過復(fù)雜,要越細(xì)致,越明了,越好。這樣可以減少員工犯錯(cuò)誤。
4)Constant cooperation between management and workers (pay is only incentive) 管理層和員工之間要有持續(xù)的溝通,認(rèn)為,給員工支付薪水是唯一的激勵(lì)方式。
Elton Mayor
Human Relation
People are motivated by a variety of psychological need,including social or “belonging”need. 心理上的需求可以用于激勵(lì)員工,比如,歸屬感。
He was involved in the Hawthorne study. 屬于霍桑實(shí)驗(yàn)的一部分。
It rapidly became apparent that worker attitude and group relationships were of greater importance in determining the levels of production achievement than the lighting itself. 員工的態(tài)度和組員之間的關(guān)系也會(huì)影響企業(yè)的生產(chǎn)力。
Peter Drucker
The Management Process
Peter Drucker emphasizes the economic objective of managers in business.He argued that the manager of a business has one basic function-economic performance.管理層必須為企業(yè)創(chuàng)造價(jià)值。
Management tasks:managing a business ,managing managers and managing workers. 要管理企業(yè)、管理管理層、管理員工。
Mintzbery: the managers role 管理者有以下3個(gè)角色:
(1)Interpersonal 人與人之間
Figurehead(representing the company) 破浪神,是企業(yè)中的領(lǐng)袖,在外界看來也代表著企業(yè)的形象。
Leader (hiring,firing,and training staff,motivating employees) 領(lǐng)頭羊,雇傭、解雇員工,員工之間的溝通與協(xié)調(diào)、激勵(lì)員工。
Liaison(making contacts outside the vertical chain of command,meeting with their peers) 聯(lián)絡(luò),與同行之間的聯(lián)絡(luò)、員工之間的聯(lián)絡(luò),要溝通能力強(qiáng)。
(2) Informational
Monitor(receiving information from subordinates, superiors and peers) 收到信息、監(jiān)管、使用信息。從下屬、同行、監(jiān)管者那獲取信息。
Spokesperson(providing information on behalf of unit or organization) 向員工、消費(fèi)者、供應(yīng)商提供信息。
Disseminator (Disseminating relevant information to subordinated) 傳播者,把積極向上的信息提供給員工。
(3) Decisional
Entrepreneur (helping departments react to a changed environment) 要有企業(yè)家的精神,變革時(shí)有能力做出正確的抉擇。
Disturbance handler(responding to unexpected pressure,taking decisions when there is deviation) 當(dāng)企業(yè)產(chǎn)生偏移,你要有能力去解決并使企業(yè)朝著正確的方向發(fā)展。
Resource allocator(Distributing limited resources to achieve objectives)要合理分配資源,要把錢用在刀刃上。
Negotiator (negotiate both inside and outside the organisation 專門去溝通的人。
來源:ACCA學(xué)習(xí)幫